"Steel is Real" (and better than other materials)

The first bike I bought as a teenager was a single-speed steel Bianchi San Jose. (I'm in my 30s now). The second bike I bought was a steel Surly Straggler. (That was 10 years ago). I still have both bikes and ride them regularly. Yes, they are showing signs of wear, but they operate perfectly. I attribute their durability to their steel construction. 

Can aluminum bikes keep up with steel in terms of durability? What about carbon fiber?