1. Tell Someone Your Plan
Always leave your route, start time, and expected return with a friend or family member — even for short trips.
2. The Rule of Three
Pack at least 3 of each: water sources (filter, bottle, purification tabs), navigation methods (map, compass, GPS), and light sources (headlamp, backup light, phone).
3. Layer Like a Pro
Use the “3-layer system”: moisture-wicking base, insulating mid-layer, waterproof shell. Weather in the backcountry changes fast.
4. Pack Emergency Calories
Keep high-energy snacks (nuts, bars, chocolate) separate from your main food — only for emergencies.
5. Know the 20/20 Rule for Breaks
Every 20 minutes, drink water and check your surroundings to avoid dehydration or losing the trail.
6. Mark Your Gear Brightly
Use reflective tape or bright cord on your pack and tent — easier to spot if you’re separated from camp.
7. Mind Your Feet
Treat hot spots on your feet immediately with moleskin or tape to prevent blisters from ending your trip.
8. Keep Essentials on Your Body, Not Just in Your Pack
If you set your backpack down and wander, make sure your whistle, map, compass, and water are on you.
9. Use the Buddy Call
If you’re with a group, agree on a whistle signal (e.g., 3 blasts = emergency) before setting out.
10. Respect Wildlife from a Distance
Never approach animals for photos; store food securely and cook far from your sleeping area to avoid unwanted visitors.